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摘要(Abstract)

在线编程目前有ICP、ISP、IAP方式ICP : In Circuit Programing,在电路编程,专用编程器操作,外围电路不能上电,因为需要控制上电电压及顺序节奏来进入编程模式,编程对整个ROM区操作,这是常用的在线编程功能,逻辑过程为:PC接口》编程器》芯片存储器用户区。ISP : In System Programing,在系统编程,单片机相当于固化Boot Loader,可以不使用专用编程器,编程也是针对整个ROM区操作,逻辑过程为:PC接口》芯片存储器用户区。IAP : In applicating Programing,在应用编程,将单片机的存储区域分块,需要软件触发或硬件触发程序最终在哪一块运行,逻辑过程为:PC接口》芯片Boot Loader区》芯片存储器用户区目前单片机基本上都支持ICP烧录,一般通过JTAG、I2C、单总线等接口方式在线刷新内部flash。中颖SinoWealth单片机,就是利用四线JTAG或单线SWE进行编程操作,编程时应用端不能上电,是典型的离线更新程序,并且是对芯片内部整片flash区编程操作。晶宏STC单片机ISP功能,芯片内部集成了烧录功能,利用UART串口将数据下载给用户flash区SST89X52系列单片机,就是典型的IAP类型,内部flash分成几块,比如Block 0作为启动区目前流行的单片机一般都是flash型,并带有自编程功能,即开放了指令,程序可以对内部扇区编程,这样做的目的是可以省去外部EEPROM,将需要掉电保存的数据存入内部flash,替代外部存储器。


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